Cloud computing is internet-based computing by which shared resources, software and other resources are provided to computers on-demand like the electricity grid. As computers became more prevalent, scientists and technologists explored ways to make large-scale computing power available to multiple users through time sharing, eliminating periods of inactivity.
Because of broadband internet, the users do not always need to install software on their own computers. Nowadays most of the software?s are web-based.
Reliability is improved if multiple redundant sites are used, which makes well-designed cloud computing suitable for disaster management and business continuity process. With the use of cloud computing businesses can outsource their software and hardware maintenance and can provide support at ease.
Security also improves due to centralization of data, increased security-focused resources, etc., but concerns can persist about loss of control over certain sensitive data, and the lack of security for stored kernels. If for some reason the internet goes down, access to relevant data also disappears.
Cloud computing poses privacy concerns because the service provider may access the data that is on the cloud at any point in time. They could accidentally or deliberately alter or even delete information. Solutions to various cloud security issues vary, from cryptography, particularly public key infrastructure (PKI), to use of multiple cloud providers, standardization of APIs, and improving virtual machine support and legal support.
The introduction of cloud computing requires an appropriate IT governance model to ensure a secured computing environment and to comply with all relevant organizational information technology policies.
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